|
Specification |
Standard |
Test Method |
What It Means for Your Operation |
|
CTC |
45-60% |
ASTM D3467 |
Measures the carbon's capacity for medium to large organic molecules. For gold recovery, a CTC of 45–60% indicates a well-developed mesopore structure that facilitates rapid gold cyanide complex diffusion—especially critical in high-pulp-density CIL circuits. |
|
Iodine Number |
900–1200 mg/g |
ASTM D4607 |
Total micropore volume. Higher = more surface area for gold adsorption. While YICARB manufactures coconut shell activated carbon across the full iodine spectrum from 1,000 to 2,000 mg/g, for gold recovery we specifically recommend the 1,000–1,200 mg/g range—the proven sweet spot for adsorption performance, hardness, and circuit economics. |
|
R-Value (Kinetics) |
55–75% |
AARL method |
Adsorption rate in 30 min. Critical for CIL circuits with short residence times. > 65% recommended for preg-robbing ores. |
|
K-Value (Loading) |
25–35 mg Au/g |
Freundlich isotherm |
Equilibrium loading at 1.0 mg/L Au. Critical for CIP circuits where carbon contact time is abundant. Directly impacts carbon inventory size. |
|
Hardness |
97–99.5% |
ASTM D3802 |
Mechanical attrition resistance. Every 1% drop below 98% can increase gold-in-fines losses by 15–20%. Non-negotiable for agitated tanks. |
|
Particle Size |
5-10 mesh 6-12 mesh |
Sieve analysis |
Uniformity is more important than absolute size. PSD > 95% on-spec prevents screen blinding. Finer mesh = faster kinetics but higher pressure drop. |
|
Ash Content |
< 2–3% |
ASTM D2866 |
Lower ash = less metal leaching into process water. Coconut shell carbon naturally achieves < 3%. |
|
Apparent Density |
0.45–0.55 g/mL |
ASTM D2854 |
Reflects carbon packing and structural integrity. Consistent density ensures predictable carbon inventory weight in each tank. |
|
Moisture Content |
5-10% |
ASTM D2867-91 |
As-shipped moisture ensures carbon is pre-wetted and ready for direct introduction into the circuit without dusting. Consistent 5–10% moisture prevents floating carbon in the first CIP tank and eliminates the need for pre-soaking before startup. |